Analysis of the changes and characteristics of pediatric outpatient visits in a general hospital in Beijing before and after the COVID-19 pandemic / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the changes and characteristics of pediatric outpatient visits in a general hospital before and after the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic.@*METHODS@#Based on the registration data of pediatric outpatient visits in the information system (HIS)of Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, from January 1 2018 to December 31 2020, aged 0 to 16 years, we analyzed the changes of outpatient visits before and after the epidemic, focusing on respiratory infection including influenza. The relationship between the outpatient visits and age and quarterly distribution were also studied.@*RESULTS@#(1) Respiratory infection accounted for the majority of outpatient visits in 2018 and 2019 (60.6% and 60.5%, respectively). Non-respiratory infection accounted for the main proportion of outpatient visits in 2020, while respiratory infection accounted for only 47.4%. Annual respiratory infection visits, respiratory infectious diseases visits especially influenza visits all decreased significantly in 2020 compared with that in 2018 and 2019 (P < 0.05). (2)Respiratory infection visits were highest in the infant group, lowest in the school age group (P < 0.05) and highest in the fourth quarter each year. It decreased significantly in the second quarter of 2020 with statistical significance when compared with the other quarters of 2020(P < 0.05). (3)Influenza accounted for the highest proportion of respiratory infectious diseases visits in each year. It was highest in first quarter, which was significantly different from the other quarters of the year (P < 0.05). There were different distributions of influenza visits throughout 2018 and 2019, while it was only distributed in the first quarter and 99% in January in 2020.@*CONCLUSION@#The respiratory infection and influenza visits have decreased significantly in our pediatric outpatient department after the COVID-19 epidemic, which is considered closely related to the lifestyle and personal protection after the epidemic. It is recommended that health education on respiratory infection and influenza prevention should be strengthened, especially in winter and spring, to promote the development of good respiratory and hand hygiene habits.

Effect of NS-398 on cyclooxygenase-2 expression and proliferation of HepG2 cells / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate anticancer effect and molecular mechanism of N-[(Cyclohexyloxy)-4-nitrophenyl] methanesulfonamide on HepG2 cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HepG2 cells were treated with various concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 micromol/L) of NS-398 [selective for cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibition]. Cell growth was measured by MTT method, DNA fragmentation gel analysis was used to analyze the apoptosis cells, DNA ploidy and apoptotic cell percentage were examined by flow cytometry (FCM). PGE2 concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay method. The expressions of COX-2 were also examined by Western blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NS-398 inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. DNA ploidy analysis showed that S phase cells were significantly decreased and quiescent G1 phase was accumulated with NS-398 concentration increasing. The IC50 of 24 hours was 300 micromol/L. The release of PGE2 was significantly reduced in HepG2 cells with the values of NS-398 being (0.70 +/- 0.02), (0.48 +/- 0.02), (0.29 +/- 0.01) and (0.18 +/- 0.01) respectively, as compared with control group (0.03 +/- 0.01). NS-398 could inhibit the activity and expression of COX-2, with higher concentration, it can significantly down-regulate the expression of COX-2 (t = 3.736, 1.623, 1.810, 2.587, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NS-398 might significantly inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells and induce apoptosis. The mechanisms were related with the accumulation of quiescent G1 phase and the inhibition of COX-2 activity.</p>

Separating and Studying of the Aerobic Denitrifying Bacteria from Biofilter / 微生物学通报

Four strains of aerobic denitrifying bacteria were isolated from biomembrane of the laboratory biofilter by selective medium. The denitrifying rates of these four strains were found more than 80% under aerobic condition for 40 hours. The denitrifying rate of A1 was highest, which was 99.05%. When measuring the course of nitrogen element changing, it is found that they accumulated nitrite expect the strain A1. The strain A1 was gram positive and spherical. It is identified as Pseudomonas putida based on its biochemical and morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences(genbank accession NO.DQ836052.1). For the strain A1, the optimum beginning pH was 7.0 around, and the optimum tempera- ture was 30 ℃ around, The change of DO did not influence the effect of denitrification when it was more than 2.0 mg/L.